Dependent - the independent clause in a compound sentence consisting of main clause as an independent clause and sub-clause (clauses) as a dependent clause.
Complex Sentence:
| [Subject (+be/verb)] ≈ Independent Clause + Adverbial Clause |
Adverbial Clause:
| Subordinate Conjunction + S +V |
I. Adjective Clause
Adjective Clause is a clause that functions as an adjective in compound sentences. Clause adjective to describe people usually begins with Relative Clause: Who, Whom, or Whose. As for the objects and animals: Which, That, or Whose.
a). Non-defining Adjective Clause
1. Who : replace the subject of people
Example : Dila's father plays tennis twice a week.
He is fourty years old.
Dila's father, who is fourty years old, plays tennis twice a week.
2. Whom : replace the subject of people
Example : Do you know Mr. Hadi ? I talked with him yesterday.
Do you know Mr. Hadi, whom I talked with yesterday ?
3. Whose : replace people possesive adjective
Example : We take a pity to Dina's father.
His health is getting worse and worse.
We take a pity to Dina's father, whose health is getting worse and worse.
b). Defining Adjective Clause
1. Who, that : replace the subject of people
Example : That boy is a new student; He is speaking English with Santi.
The boy who is speaking English with Santi is a new student.
The boy that is speaking English with Santi is a new student.
2. Whom, that : replace the object of people
Example : That man is a manager; She introduced him to me.
The man whom she introduced to me is manager.
The man that she introduced to me is manager.
3. Which, that : replace the subject noun / animal
Example : Jane showed Dewi a book. It belongs to Rina.
Jane showed the book which belongs to Rina.
Jane showed the book that belongs to Rina.
II. Adverb Clause
Adverb clause is used to describe the entire sentence (main clause) and can be located at the beginning or end of a sentence.
1. Adverbial clause of time
Example : She used to lived in the rural village before she moved to Surabaya.
2. Adverbial clause of place
Example : Siska lives where she was born.
3. Adverbial clause of reason
Example : Since he had nothing do, he went to the theatre.
4. Adverbial clause of purpose
Example : Tony studied hard so that he would pass admission test.
5. Adverbial clause of consession
Example : Although it was raining, they went to the party.
6. Adverbial clause of condition
Example : We will not be able to answer the question if we do not read the text.
III. Noun Clause
Noun clause of the sentence serve as the subject of the verb or the object of a verb or preposition.
1. As a Subject
Example : What he decided makes the number happy.
Where she went was not certain.
That he passed the exam surprises us.
2. As a Object
Example : The students have to do what their teacher assigned them.
The principal gave whoever got the best marks a present.
3. As a Complement
Example : This is where I work.
